In Software Security: Building Security In, Cigital's Gray McGraw breaks software security problems down into roughly equal halves. One half of security problems are security design flaws: missing authorization or doing encryption wrong — or not using encryption at all when you are supposed to, not handling passwords properly, not auditing the right data, relying on client-side instead of server-side data validation, not managing sessions safely, not taking care of SQL injection properly, and so on. These are problems that require training and experience to understand and solve properly.
The other half are security coding defects — basic mistakes in coding that attackers find ways to exploit. Focusing on preventing, finding and fixing these mistakes is a good place to start a software security program. It's something that developers and testers understand and something that they can take ownership of right away.
Read my latest post at the SANS Appsec Street Fighter blog on how basic software security practices can take you a long way towards building secure software.
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